Heterologous Production of Acrylic Acid: Current Challenges and Perspectives

Acrylic acid (AA) is a chemical with high market value used in industry to produce diapers, paints, adhesives and coatings, among others. AA available worldwide chemically produced mostly from petroleum derivatives. Due its economic relevance, there presently need for innovative sustainable ways synthesize AA. In the past decade, several semi-biological methods have been developed consist bio-based synthesis of 3-hydroxypropionic (3-HP) conversion However, more recently, engineered Escherichia coli was demonstrated be able convert glucose or glycerol Several pathways that use as precursors glycerol, malonyl-CoA β-alanine. Some these 3-HP an intermediate. Nevertheless, heterologous production still early stages compared, example, production. So far, only up 237 mg/L using β-alanine precursor fed-batch fermentation. this review, advances by microbes, well hurdles hindering high-level production, are discussed. addition, synthetic biology metabolic engineering approaches improving industrial settings presented.